高职实践教学的性质、特点及构成要素探析

An analysis of the traits and the essential factors of the formation of practical teaching in higher professional education

在高职教育中,实践教学不仅与理论教学具有等价性、互补性和不可替代性,其地位和作用甚至要超过理论教学,是高职教育实现人才培养目标不可或缺的环节和手段,是衡量教育质量高低的重要指标,也是区别于普通高教的主要标志。与理论教学相比,实践教学有其自身的许多特点和优势,它所营造的是一种有利于发挥学生主体性、创造性的育人环境。从教师决策的角度看,实践教学的主要决定因素有教学的目标、内容、方法和手段等方面,并且,高职教育对这些构成要素有其自身的一些特殊要求。

To higher professional education, practical teaching has the functions of being equivalent ,complementary ,as it is compared with theoretic teaching . Thus it cannot he replaced by theoretic teaching because of its importance. Practical teaching is the key in fulfilling the goal of cultivating the talented, and it is also one of the important criteria in judging the quality of education and the main difference from normal higher education. Compared with theoretic teaching, practical teaching itself possesses a variety of characteristics and advantages . It creates a favorable environment which could bring students into creativity. In view of teachers＇decision--making aspect, the main factors of practical teaching involve teaching goals, teaching contents, teaching means and methods, etc. What＇s more, advanced professional education has its special demands for these essential factors.