钻井废水对土壤及主要粮食作物的影响研究

INFLUENCES OF DRILLING WASTE WATER ON SOIL AND MAIN GRAIN CROPS

通过小麦和水稻的栽培试验，考察了未经处理和处理后的钻并废水对小麦和水稻的生长发育、产量、籽粒品质及土壤理化性质的影响。结果表明，浇灌４０ｍ３／亩（１亩＝６６６．７ｍ２，下同）的未处理或处理后的钻井废水对小麦的生长发育、产量及籽粒品质无明显的不利影响；浇灌８０ｍ３／亩未处理的钻井废水或全生长期全部浇灌处理后的钻井废水对水稻的生长发育、产量及籽粒品质不产生明显的不利影响，但从整田起或从栽秧起全生长期全部浇灌未处理的钻井废水会导致水稻显著减产；过量的油对水稻的生长发育和产量有严重影响；钻井废水可提高土壤肥力，改善土壤结构，同时导致土壤电导率及盐、钠离子、负离子和油等物质含量的增加以及氧化还原电位的降低。

Through the cultivate experiments of wheat and rice, the influences of unprocessed and processed drilling waste water on the grow, production, seed quality and soil texture are studied, the results show that:if irrigate unprocessed/pricessed drilling waste water on 40m3/m.field,there's no unfavorable influences on the grow, production and seed quality of wheat;if irrigate unprocessed drilling waste water on 80m3/m. field,or processed drilling waste water on the field in the whole growing period, there's no unfavorable influences on the grow, production and seed quality of rice; but if irrigate unprocessed drilling waste water on the whole field in the whole growing period, there will be a drop in production of rice, excessive oil will greatly affect the grow and production of rice.Drilling waste water can raise the soil fertility, improve soil structure,cause increase of electricconductivity,salt,sodion,chlorion and oil contents in soil,and the drop of redox potential.