初级韩国学生与汉族儿童习得“在”字句的对比研究

A Contrastive Study of the Acquisition of "ZAI" Sentences by Korean Students at the Primary Level and Chinese Children

多年以来不少语言学家试图通过研究儿童如何习得母语，从中找出规律，指导成人学习第二语言，甚至有语言学家认为一语习得和二语学习遵循着同样的基本原则，仅是学习主体的内、外部环境发生了一定的改变。文章在此基础上考察了初级阶段韩国留学生看图写话与汉族儿童看图说话中对现代汉语常用句式——“在”字句的使用情况，进行对比并对异同情况做出解释。文章综合使用率和正确率来看二者“在”字句的习得情况，习得最好的都是E式（NP＋Z＋VP），可见副词“在”在一语习得和二语学习中都是较早学会的。韩国留学生对动词“在”的习得情况要好于介词“在”；而汉族儿童对介词“在”的习得情况要略好于动词“在”。

This paper is a contrastive study of the at the primary level and Chinese children. In terms acquisition of＂ZAI＂ sentences by Korean students of usage rate and accuracy rate, our findings are as follows. 1. Both of them acquire the structure E best, which indicates ＂ZAI＂ as an adverb is much eas- ier for them to master. 2. Korean students learn ＂ZAI＂ as a verb better than as a preposition, which is different from that of Chinese children. 3. Chinese children can produce more accurate structure D than Korean students.