3种除草剂对核桃幼苗生长量及生理效应的影响

Effects of 3 Kinds of Herbicides on Walnut Seedling Growth and Physiologyical Reaction

用3种除草剂的推荐剂量处理核桃树幼苗,研究其对核桃幼苗一些生理指标的影响。结果表明:莠去津和骠马对桃幼苗株高相对生长量影响较小,且这2种除草剂在核桃幼苗体内的代谢相对较缓慢。盖草能处理前期对核桃幼苗的株高相对生长量影响大,但在核桃幼苗体内的代谢快,且后期对核桃幼苗抑制作用较弱。3种除草剂对生理指标的影响均是随施药后时间的延长影响逐渐减弱,其中莠去津对核桃幼苗叶片中可溶性糖含量和叶绿素含量的影响持续时间长且抑制作用强;骠马次之;盖草能的抑制作用最弱。对幼苗叶片中MDA含量的影响,骠马处理最大,盖草能处理次之,莠去津处理影响最小。建议在核桃苗圃除草时选用骠马除草剂,且浓度不高于5 ml/L,于核桃萌芽前后5 d施用。

The amount of chlorophyll, malonydialdehyde and solvable sugar as well as walnut sapling leaf growth was tested under the treatment of 3 kinds of ordinary herbicide so as to study their influence on the walnut seedling growth in this experiment. The result showed that the effect atrazine and fenoxaprop-P-ethyl was weaker to the walnut seedling growth and the rate of their metabolism was slower in seedling period, but the effect of haloxyfop-methyl on the growth amount was strong and the rate of metabolism was fast in seedling period. And the effect of 3 kinds of herbicides become much weaker on physiological indexes when the time of menaced was putted off. In amount of solvable sugar and chlorophyll, the effect of atrazine was the strongest and the effected time was the longest,fenoxaprop -P -ethyl was the second position. In amount of malonydialdehyde, the effect of fenoxaprop-P-ethyl was the strongest and atrazine was the weakest. Therefore in the walnut nursery fenoxaprop-Pethyl should be applied 5 days before or after germination and its density didn＇ t exceed 5 ml/L.