马卡小麦(Triticum macha Dekaprel et Nenabde.)醇溶蛋白遗传多样性分析

Genetic variability of gliadin in Triticum macha

为利用小麦近缘属物种丰富的基因资源。采用酸性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（A-PAGE）法对来自格鲁吉亚、匈牙利、前苏联、英国、美国、瑞士和瑞典等国家共29份马卡小麦材料进行了醇溶蛋白分析。结果表明，供试材料共有28种带型和49条谱带。每份材料可电泳分离出19--34条带。平均25条。材料间遗传相似系数变异范围为0．29--0．95。平均值为0．61，表明马卡小麦具有较丰富的遗传多样性。供试材料在0．58水平上明显聚为3类，聚类结果与材料来源地没有必然联系。同时推测来自格鲁吉亚的材料在醇溶蛋白等位变异上可能存在两种主要类型。

To utilize the genetic resources of wheat relatives efficiently for wheat improvement, the gliadin patterns of 29 Triticum macha from different countries were analyzed by acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis（A-PAGE）method. High level of gliadin polyrnorphism was observed in T. macha, and there were 28 gliadin patterns. Each accession had 19 to 34 bands, resulting in a total of 49 bands in 29 accessions. The coefficients of genetic similarity ranged from 0.29 to 0.95, with the average of 0.61. The 29 T. macha accessions could be classified into 3 clusters at the level of GS 0.58. The clustering analysis results suggested that the genetic relationship amony T. macha accessions based on the gliadin were not associated with its geographical distribution. And there were two subgroups in accessions from Georgia.