老树茶与台地茶品质比较研究

Study on Quality Comparison of Old Plant Tea and Tableland Tea

以云南省西双版纳州勐海县南糯山、勐腊县易武和思茅市澜沧县景迈3地的古老茶园和台地茶园的蒸青茶、晒青茶为样品,从感官审评、内含品质化学成分和矿物质元素检测分析展开对比研究,得出:(1)老树茶口感要优于台地茶,主要表现在滋味协调、味厚回甘好;而就不同产地来讲,各地的老树茶品质风格又有异,诸如南糯茶山的茶味较浓强、易武的鲜活度高、景迈的醇厚度好等,这均与品质化学成分有关联。(2)从理化成分与矿物质含量来看,老树茶与台地茶各有千秋,不能简单、武断地讲谁优谁劣、谁好谁差。老树茶中的灰分、水浸出物、钙含量显著低于台地茶,差异分别达5%,1%,1%水平;从平均含量上看老树茶的茶多酚、儿茶素、总糖、寡糖和铁、铜、锰微量元素含量较台地茶的高,而台地茶在灰分、水浸出物、氨基酸、多糖、黄酮及硼、锌、硫、磷、钾、钙、镁的含量上则高于老树茶。

The study was conducted on the sensory quality, chemical component and mineral of the steaming green tea and sun-dry tea from old tea garden and tableland tea garden of three different districts, such as Nannuo Mountain, Menghai county, Yiwu, Mengla county and Jingmai,Lancang county. The results showing： （ 1 ） The taste of old plant tea is better than that of tableland tea, mainly in flavor harmonious, strong and re-sweet. As for diverse production area, the quality of old plant tea is different, such as .in taste, stronger and more full in Nannuo, brisker in Yiwn, richer and more full in Jingmai, which is all connected with quality component. （2） From component and the content of mineral, old plant tea and tableland tea have their own top quality. The content of ash, water extracts and Ca of the old plant tea is obviously lower than that of tableland tea, and the difference is 5%, 1%, 1% respectively. From the average, the content of old plant tea is higher than that of tableland tea in polyphenols, catechins, total carbohydrates, oligosaccharides and Fe, Cu, Mn. However, the result is converse in the content of ash, water extracts, amino acids, polysaccharides, flavone and B, Zn, S, P, K, Ca, Mg. So it suggests that we should evaluate and choose seriously and calmly the above two teas.