改良鼻饲法用于脑外伤病人胃肠内营养并发症的护理

The Nursing of Gastrointestinal Nutrition Complication in Brain Trauma Patients Using by Improved Nose Feeding Method

目的探讨改良鼻饲法对脑外伤病人胃肠内营养并发症的影响。方法颅脑外伤病人采用传统鼻饲法（对照组）与改良鼻饲法（试验组）进行胃肠内营养支持的并发症比较。试验组用输液瓶装入混合流质或用能全力营养素配液（与营养师根据病情配制）接输血管持续滴注鼻饲法（GCS4～8分），对照组用传统方法鼻饲（营养液同试验组），比较两组鼻饲后胃肠道并发症（呕吐和返流、误吸、腹胀、腹泻、消化道出血、便秘）发生率。结果胃肠道并发症发生率试验组明显低于对照组，差异有显著性（P〈0．01）。结论用输液瓶装入混合流质或能全力营养素液持续滴注鼻饲法可安全用于颅脑外伤病人，且对维持胃肠道结构和功能、减少并发症、促进营养状态和改善预后有显著临床意义，能明显提高护理工作效率。

Objective To probe into the effect of improved nose feeding method on the brain trauma patients＇gastrointestinal nutrition complication . Methods Compared the traditional （control group ） and improved nose feeding （experimental group） used in gastrointestinal nutrition complication of brain trauma patients. Experimental group ： Combined fluidity or whole nutrition liquid in transfusion bottle with blood transfusion tube were dripping into nose continually （ GCS 4 - 8 ） , control group was used by tradition nose feeding methods （ nutrition fluid as experimental group）, compared the gastrointestinal complication in the two groups （ vomit and countercurrent , misabsorb, bluge, diarrhea, digestive tract bleed, astriction） . Results The gastrointestinal complication current rate in experimental group is lower than that in control group, the different is significantly （ P 〈 0. 01 ） . Conclusion The improved method can be used in brain trauma patients safely, and has clinical meaning in maintaining digestive tract construction , function, decreasing complication, promoting nutrition situation and improving prognosis, and can height the nursing work efficiency.