种植密度对芸豆叶形态特征影响的图像处理研究

Study on Image Processing of Leaf Pattern Characteristic of Phaseolus vulgaris L's at Different Plant Density

本文运用图像处理技术对芸豆叶片图像进行处理和分析，可以方便、快速地获取叶数、叶大小、叶形状等数据，通过比较研究，得知种植密度的增加能引起芸豆叶数及其分布的改变．主茎叶数变化趋势为先增大后减小，各节分枝叶数、单株总叶数、分枝叶数比例均呈下降趋势；随着种植密度的增加，主茎、各分枝小叶的平均面积、单株总叶面积大体上均呈下降的趋势。芸豆叶形态的一般特征：芸豆主茎的真叶数约为5～7片；主茎的小叶数多于各节分枝，分枝小叶数按分枝节位自下而上依次减少；主茎叶比各节分枝叶片大，各节分枝小叶的平均面积和总叶面积均按分枝节位自下而上依次减小；小叶的叶片形态在其生长和发育的过程中由卵形逐渐变向阔卵形，长成叶长约10．3cm、宽约7．13cm、叶宽／叶长的值约为0．69、叶长轴约为9．11cm、叶短轴约为6．48cm、叶焦轴比约为0．69、叶等效直径约为7．43cm、叶矩面积比约为0．59，叶长轴、叶短轴、叶等效直径、叶矩面积是本文新提出的4个叶片形态指标，其中叶矩面积比能够反映芸豆的叶片形状特征。

The study applies image processing technology to process and analyze the image of Phaseolus vulgaris L, which can gain the data of leaflet pattern characteristic. The result shows; The number and distribution of leaflets vary with the increasing plant density＇s , the number of main stem＇s leaflets increases and reduces then. Each fen of branch＇s leaflets, total leaflets of individual and the rate of branch leaflets reduce. The average area of main stem and each branch, and total area of individual leaflets reduce. Leaflet pattern characteristic of Phaseolus vulgaris L was gained. The leaflet pattern is changing dynamically during its growth and process of development ： it changes from longer one to wider one; the area of mature leaflet is larger than unmature one; The width of mature leaflet is about 7. 13 cm, the length is about 10.3 cm, the majoraxislength is about 9. 11 cm, the minoraxislength is about 6.48 cm, the eccentricity is about 0. 69, the equivdiameter is about 7.43 cm, the extent is about 0.59. minoraxislength, majoraxislength, equivdiameter and extent are four new indexs which aren＇t reported before. The extent can reflect leaflet pattern characteristic of Phaseolus vulgaris L.