压力环境中恋爱与非恋爱状态军校学员的心理状况分析

Investigation into the mental health and personality of cadets in different love conditions under pressure environment

目的:了解在压力环境下,恋爱状态的军校学员心理健康状况和人格特点。方法:于2005-11/2006-01选择部队某高等工科院校1～4年级的学生,采用整群随机取样法,随机抽取62个学员区队中的17个区队的未婚本科生学员609人作为观察对象。采用分批团体心理测量方法,以症状自评量表和卡特尔十六种个性因素测验量表为测量工具进行心理健康状态和个性因素的调查测评。症状自评量表包括90个项目,包含躯体化、强迫症状、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病性9个因子分量表。采用5(1～5)级评分,分别为无(1分)、轻度(2分)、中度(3分)、偏重(4分)、严重(5分)。卡特尔十六种个性因素测验量表由187道题组成,每道题有3个备选答案。除聪慧性因素的答案是以0分(不对)和1分(对)外,其余15个因素的答案记分均为0,1,2分。一般情况调查包括年龄、性别、年级、来源、军龄、恋爱状态、家庭出身、学习状况、生活事件等。结果:总测量人数609人,有效测量565人,有效率92.8%。①处于恋爱状态的学员166人,占29.4%。其中男105人,占63.3%,女61人,占36.7%。非恋爱状态的学员399人,占70.6%。②恋爱状态组学员强迫症状、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、偏执、精神病性和阳性项目数得分均高于非恋爱状态组学员,差异均有显著性意义。③恋爱状态组学员乐群性、兴奋性、敢为性、怀疑性、忧虑性得分高于非恋爱状态组学员;恋爱状态组学员稳定性、有恒性、实验性、创新性得分低于非恋爱状态组学员。结论:压力氛围下,恋爱对军校学员的心理健康和人格有较多的消极影响。恋爱状态组学员总体心理健康状况不如非恋爱状态组,两组学员在人格特点上有较多区别,如恋爱状态组学员更热情、敢为,但更容易猜疑,忧虑。而非恋爱状态组学员更有恒心,自律性、稳定性、创新性、成长能力更好。

AIM： To study the mental health and personality of cadets in love under the pressure environment. METHODS： From November 2005 to January 2006, the students from Grade One to Four of some science military college were enrolled and 609 unmarried undergraduates of 17 teams were randomly selected from 62 teams. The mental health and personality of the cadets were tested with Symptom Check List 90 （SCL-90） and 16 Personality Factors Questionnaire （16PF） in batch. The SCL-90 had 90 items of 9 factorial scales such as somatization, obsession, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, photic anxiety, paranoid ideation, and psychoticism. The SCL-90 adopted five-rank standard grading： nothing （1 score）, mild （2 scores）, moderate （3 scores）, severe （4 scoreS） and very severe （5 scores）. The 16PF concluded 187 questions, and every question had 3 ready-made answers. Except the answer of intelligence was 0 score for wrong and 1 score for correct, all answers of the rest 15 factors included 0, 1 and 2 scores. The general conditions included age, sex, grade, native place, length of military service, love condition, family background, state of study, life event and so on. RESULTS： Among the 609 people joined the test, 565 ones were effectively measured with the efficiency rate of 92.8%. ①There were 166 cadets in love condition, accounted for 29.4%, including 105 males （63.3%） and 61 females （36.7%）; 399 students were not falling in love, accounted for 70.6%. ②he scores of obsession, depression, anxiety, hostility, paranoid and psychoticism and number of positive items of the love condition cadets were significantly higher than those of not in love condition cadets, which had significant differences. ③The scores of warmth, liveliness, social boldness, vigilance and apprehension of love condition cadets were higher than those not in love, but the scores of stability, rule-consciousness, openness to change, innovation were significantly lower than those not in love condition. CONCLUSION： Under pressure environment, love has more negative effects on mental health and personality of the cadets. The total mental health level of love condition cadets is worse than that of not in love ones. There are many differences in personality between the two groups, the cadets falling in love are more enthusiasm and brave, but more suspicious and anxiety, and the cadets not in love are more persevering, self-contrul,steady, and their creative ability and latent capacity are higher than cadets in love condition.