应激与免疫

Stress and immunity

目的:运动与心理应激对机体免疫功能可产生影响,认识应激影响人类健康的机制,有利于发现处于应激源刺激下的危险人群,有效预防和处理应激对健康的不良效应。资料来源:应用计算机检索ScienceDirect1998-01/2005-12关于运动及心理应激与免疫的文章。检索词“exercise,psychologicalstress,immune”并限定文章的语种类为English。同时利用计算机检索中国期刊全文数据库1997-01/2006-01的相关文章,限定文章语言种类为中文,检索词“运动,心理应激,免疫”。资料选择:对资料进行初审,纳入标准:①运动及心理应激对免疫机能的影响。②运动及心理应激影响免疫功能的机制。排除标准:重复性研究。资料提炼:共收集到符合上述要求的文献34篇,排除18篇重复性研究。16篇符合纳入标准:其中7篇关于运动与免疫的研究,5篇关于心理应激与免疫的研究,4篇关于应激影响免疫机能机制的研究。资料综合:运动与免疫的关系非常复杂,免疫系统对运动的反应取决于运动类型、运动强度和运动的持续时间。适宜的运动可以提高免疫功能,降低感染性疾病的患病风险,而大强度运动训练则对免疫功能起抑制作用。心理因素以一种潜在的方式对人体的免疫功能起作用。心理应激与情绪障碍、性格特征都有相关性。应激影响免疫功能的机制涉及脑、神经系统和内分泌系统。结论:应激能够影响健康状况。适宜的应激增强机体的抵抗力,不良应激增加机体对疾病的易感性。心理神经免疫学从系统和整体的观点出发,以应激和抗应激为研究核心,探讨应激影响人类健康的机制,有利于发现处于应激源刺激下的危险人群,有效预防和处理应激对健康的不良效应。

OBJECTIVE： On the basis of the impact of exercise and psychological stress in the organism on immune function, to discuss the mechanism that stress influences human health, being beneficial to find out the dangerous crowd under stress, in order to effectively prevent from bad effect to the health and deal with it, DATA SOURCES： The relevant articles of exercises with psychological stress and immunity were searched for in Science Direct from January 1998 to December 2005 with the key words of ＂exercise,psychological stress, immune＂ in English. Similarly, the relevant articles to stress and immunology between January 1997 and January 2006 were searched for in China Journal Full-text Database （CJFD） by imputing the key words of ＂exercise, psychological stress, immune＂ in Chinese. STUDY SELECTION： The data were selected primarily. Inclusive criteria： ①impact of exercise and psychological stress on immune function, and ②The mech.anism that exercise and psychological stress influenced immune function. Exclusive criterion： repetitive research. DATA EXTRACTION： There were 34 literatures in accordance with the above criteria 18 of which were excluded due to the repetition of the same research. Totally 16 were accorded with the inclusive criteria, among which 7 were studies of exercise and immune, 5 were investigations of psychological stress and immune, 4 were about the mechanism that stress influenced immune function. DATA SYNTHESIS： With a very complex relationship between exercise and immune, the impact of exercise on immune system depended on the style, intensity and duration of exercise. Suitable exercise improved immune function and decreased the risk to infection, while high intensity exercise suppressed it. Psychological factors acted on immune function in a potential manner. PsychologiCal stress correlated with emotion disorder and characteristic traits. The mechanism that stress influenced immune function was involved in the brain, never system and endocrine system. CONCLUSION： Health can be influenced by stress. Appropriate stress enhances the organisms to resist the harmfulness, while negative stress increases the susceptibility to disease. Focusing on stress and anti-stress studies, psychoneuroimmunology discusses the mechanism that stress affected human health, being conductive to discover the risk group under stress, to effectively prevent and treat with the adverse effects of stress on health.