抗神经节苷脂抗体与免疫介导的神经疾病

Anti-ganglioside antibodies and immune-mediated nerve diseases

目的:抗神经节苷脂抗体与免疫介导的神经病的发病有关,通过介绍抗神经节苷脂抗体的致病性和致病机制的研究进展,以了解抗神经节苷脂抗体检测在不同免疫介导的周围神经病临床应用中的意义。资料来源:应用计算机检索Medline1994-01/2005-11的关于抗神经节苷脂抗体的文章,检索词包括“anti-gangliosideantibody,GM1antibody”;等,并限定文章语言种类为English。同时检索中国期刊全文数据库1994-01/2005-11中抗神经节苷脂抗体的文章,检索词“抗神经节苷脂抗体、抗GM1抗体”,限定文章语言种类为中文。资料选择:对资料进行初审,选择与抗神经节苷脂抗体作用机制、与不同神经疾病的关系及检测的临床应用相关的文章。纳入标准:关于抗神经节苷脂抗体作用机制、与不同神经疾病的关系及检测的临床应用相关的文献。排除重复性研究。资料提炼:共收集到298篇关于抗神经节苷脂抗体的文献,涉及神经节苷脂命名及抗体作用机制196篇,与不同神经疾病的关系及检测的临床应用相关的文献102篇。排除286篇,选择与本文密切相关的12篇进行综述。资料综合:对神经节苷脂的命名、分布进行简单介绍,在此基础上详细介绍了抗神经节苷脂抗体主要是抗GM1抗体对神经系统的致病性及其致病机制的研究进展,目前临床检测主要用于免疫介导的周围神经病,如急性吉兰-巴雷综合征、慢性吉兰-巴雷综合征、多灶运动神经病等,对疾病的辅助诊断、分析疗效等有重要意义。结论:在免疫介导的神经疾病中,抗神经节苷脂抗体的检测对辅助诊断、分析疗效有重要的临床意义。

OBJECTIVE： Anti-ganglioside antibodies are involved in the onset of immune-mediated nerve disease. The purpose of this article is to introduce the research development of pathogenicity and pathogenic mechanism of anti-ganglioside antibodies as well as the significance of clinical application of anti-ganglioside antibodies in detecting the peripheral nerve disease mediated by different immune. DATA SOURCES： An online search of Medline was undertaken to identify the articles about anti-ganglioside antibodies published in English between January 1994 and November 2005 with the keywords of＇anti-ganglioside antibody, GM1 antibody＇etc. Meanwhile, Chinese articles about anti-ganglioside antibodies published between January 1994 and November 2005 were also searched in CJFD by using the keywords of ＂anti-ganglioside antibodies, GM1 antibody＇. STUDY SELECTION： Data were checked in the first trial, and articles related to the action-mechanism of anti-ganglioside antibodies,＂ relationship with different nerve disease and clinical application of detection were collected. Inclusion criteria： articles related to the action-mechanism of anti-ganglioside antibodies, relationship with different nerve disease and clinical application of detection. Repetitive studies were ＂excluded. DATA EXTRACTION： 298 studies about anti-ganglioside antibodies were collected, including 196 articles correlated with name of ganglioside and mechanism of antibody, 102 articles related to the relation with different nerve disease and clinical application of detection. 286 literatures were excluded, 12 papers closely related with the study were reviewed. DATA SYNTHESIS： The name and distribution of ganglioside were briefly introduced, based on which anti-ganglioside antibodies were introduced in detail, especially the research development of pathogenicity and pathogenic mechanism of anti-GM1 antibody on nervous system. At present, clinical detection is mainly used in immune-mediated peripheral nerve disease such as Guillain-Barre syndrome, chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy and multi-focal motor neuropathy etc., which played a significant role in auxiliary diagnosis and effect-analysis of disease. CONCLUSION： In immune-mediated nerve diseases, the detection of anti-ganglioside antibodies is significantly useful to clinical auxiliary diagnosis and effect-analysis.