论犯罪构成与证明责任分配的互动关系

The Relation between the Constitution of Crime and the Burden of Proof——the perfection of our constitution of crimes

推定是犯罪构成体系与刑事证明责任分配中同时存在的范畴,构成了二者之间互动的桥梁。一方面,犯罪构成体系是否具有推定效力,决定着证明责任的分配;另一方面,证明责任分配实践的发展,也会影响犯罪构成的推定效力。我国犯罪构成体系不具有推定效力,导致我国证明责任分配实践的混乱。为此,需要违法性要件纳入犯罪构成体系,以恢复犯罪构成的推定效力,从而实现对证明责任分配实践的指导。

According to relation of content and form between the entity and procedure of law, the function of constitution of crime decides the burden of proof and the allotment about the burden of proof also affects the the function of the constitution of crime. Because the presumption has the function of transferring the burden of proof, the interaction relationship between the constitution of crime and the burden of proof is built on the presumption. The constitution of crime in our country has no effect of presumption, which makes the relation between the constitution of crime and the burden of proof lost. So we should bring the element of illegality into the constitution of crime to retrieve the allotment presumption function of the constitution of crime.