合肥市2004年度流脑疫情及预防控制措施分析

Analysis on Epidemic Situation of Cerebro-spinal Meningitis and Its Prevent and Control Measures in 2004 in Hefei City

目的分析2004年度我市流脑疫情和采取的预防控制措施，为做好合肥市流脑疫情的预测预警和控制工作提供依据。方法对所有病例作流行病学调查，同时采样进行实验室病原学分析。结果2004年全市新发流脑病例70例，发病率为1．5／10万，较去年同期上升了430．8％，病例以20岁以下儿童和学生为主，3～4月份是发病高峰。对28名病例的1092名密切接触者咽拭子采样检验发现，c群带菌率在1．3％～30．9％之间，A群带菌率在2．2％-8．5％之间。发生疫情学校的学生采用应急服药和接种A＋C流脑疫苗等综合性预防控制措施，有效地控制了疫情。结论预测2004年冬2005年春我市局部地区A、C群流脑病例可能增多。在流脑流行季节到来之前，应做好疫苗和相关药品的储备，同时对重点人群（20岁以下）进行大范围的A＋C流脑疫苗的接种。

Objective To analyze epidemic situation of cerebra -spinal meningitis and its prevent and control measures in 2004 in Hefei city so as to provide basis for the prewarning and forecast the epidemic situation. Method All cases were investigated and pharyngeal swab were collect for etiology analysis. Results Totally 70 cases were reported. The attack rate （ 1.5/hundred thousand ） raise 430.8 percent compared with last year. most of them were children, students less than 20 years old. The infection peak was in March and April. C group of Neisseriameningitidis were detected from blood of 4 cases. The carrier rate of C and A group was 1.3% -30.9%, 2.2% -8.5% respectively from 1 092 close contacts of 28 cases. We issued some documents associated with municipal education committee and took synthetic measures such as emergency drugs and A ＋ C vaccine. Conclusion The cases of cerebra - spinal meningitis might increase in part of district in this winter and the following spring. Thus, we must reserve the vaccine and the concerned drugs before the epidemic season. At the same time we should inject the A ＋ C vaccines widely among the high - risk groups （ less than 20 years old ）.