绩溪县1986～2004年麻疹流行病学特征与控制策略分析

Study on Epidemiological Characteristics of Measles and Control Measures in Jixi County in 1986～2004

目的研究绩溪县麻疹流行病学特征，评价麻疹控制策略实施效果。方法对绩溪县1986～2004年麻疹发病情况分2个阶段进行流行病学分析。结果麻疹发病率1986～1996年为12．80／10万，1997～2004年为1．72／10万，下降了86．56％。发病呈阶梯性下降趋势。前期在年龄、季节、地区发病特征上表现为1～14岁儿童发病构成比大，3～8月份是发病高峰季节，流行模式为散发和爆发并存，以爆发为主。后期发病年龄及季节分布特征均不明显，基本消除了爆发流行。结论应该继续加强麻疹监测，开展MV的强化免疫，防止麻疹爆发疫情发生，同时做好成人麻疹的预防控制。

Objective In order to understand the epidemiologieal characteristics of measles and the control measures in Jixi county during 1986 -2004. Methods The epidemic situation of measles from 1986 to 2004 was divided to two stages and analyzed. Results The results showed that the average measles incidence in 1986 - 2004 was 8. 14 /100 000. Of them, the incidence in 1986 - 1996 was 12.8 / 100 000 and the incidence in 1997 - 2004 was 1.72/100 000, average incidence of Measles decreased by 86.56%. Decline trend like ladder was observed. In 1986 - 1996, the disease mainly attacked children aged 0 - 14, incidence peak was from March to August. Sporadic measles eases and the outbreaks coexisted. More measles outbreaks occurred. In 1997 -2004, distribution characteristics of age, season was not obvious. The outbreak was basically eliminated. Conclusion Guided by the surveillance, intensive immunity and expanding immunity should be conducted in order to speed up measles control in the future.