浅析中国古代“集市”的形态演变

Tentative exploration into the form evolution of "the rural fair" in ancient China

"集市"一直伴随着人类社会的进步而进步,自身的形态和功能也在发生着变化。在漫长的发展历程中,"集市"肩负着两部分的职能:一是物品交流的功能;二是民众聚会的重要场所,即人与人的关系的社会体现场所。今天,我们所见到的广场空间也是从"集市"的形态演变而来。通过对"集市"形成的历史追溯、古代不同时期"集市"的建造位置和服务对象、不同时期"集市"的形态演变三个方面的论述,主要就其"民众聚会"的属性进行了分析,从建造场所的变迁和服务对象的变化上来探究其发展变迁过程。

＂The rural fair＂ develops with the progress of human society. And its forms and functions have been changing all the time. In the long course of its development, ＂the rural fair＂ has always had two functions. The first is to function as commodity exchange while the second is to serve as an impertant place for people to have a gather - together, namely, a place of social reflection of person - to - person relations. Today, the square space that we can see has also evolved form ＂the rural fair＂. The author of this paper retraces the history of the formation of ＂the rural fair＂ and discusses three aspects： the construction place of ＂the rural fair＂, its service target and its form evolution in the different historical period. Meanwhile, the author also analyzes the properties of its ＂gather - together＂ and explores into its evolution from the aspects of the changes of its construction place and service target.