张玉娘研究:《栝松沈氏世系图》不足为据

The Research on Zhang Yu-niang: Guashong Shen Shi Shixitu Is Not Reliable

《兰雪集与张玉娘研究》所载《栝松沈氏世系图》等“文献资料”有严重错误,如《世系图》中诸公诸夫人的生卒时间,上距沈晦等的生活时代,已700余年。如此年深代远,祖上的许多大事已扑朔迷离,而生卒时间却偏又“考”得细致入微,凡有史实可核查者,皆弃置不顾,结果是全部弄错;而本无史料可据者,则编者皆以杜撰“考”出,足见这样的《世系图》完全不足为据。又如该书摘录了宋阳《吴兴沈氏宗谱》中的不少资料,把本来供奉在宗祠中秘不示人的《宗谱》推上了学术研究的平台。可惜其中谬误太多,对张玉娘研究起了误导作用。明清史学名家杨慎、钱大昕关于家谱“虚高族望”、“近则有征,远胄则多舛”乃至“家谱不可信”的名言,这是我们在使用家谱进行学术研究时所必须记取的。对于家谱中的材料,去伪存真,使用得当,可以取得很好的成果;若一味迷信,奉为神祗,则难免闹出笑话。张玉娘研究必须彻底摆脱上述“文献资料”的错误影响,回归到张玉娘及其《兰雪集》本题上来,以进行实事求是的研究。

There are some severe errors in Guashong Shen Shi Shixitu, for example, the years of the birth and death of Shen Hui ancestors are 700 years from his life time. Many events of the ancestors have become vague, the dates of the birth and the death are “verified” exactly, but what can be checked are ignored. As a result, everything goes wrong. It is clear that the Shixitu can not be used as basis. Another example, the book extracts some materials from Song Yangs Family Tree of Shen Shi, but it also has many errors, misleading the research on Zhang Yuniang. We must remember that the family trees arenot reliable. We should use the family trees properly getting red of the false, retaining the true so as to get good results. The research of Zhang Yuniang must be away from the incorrect influence of “the materials” mentioned above and return to Zhang Yuniang research and Lanxueji the original topic to have a matter-of-the fact research.