重症肌无力患者术后应用免疫冲击疗法不良反应的观察及护理

目的减少双冲击疗法给患者带来的不良反应。方法33例患者胸腺切除手术完毕即应用甲基强的松龙联合环磷酰胺免疫冲击治疗,5例患者采用常规治疗过程中出现危象,改用免疫冲击治疗。用药后均常规进行水化疗法。结果无1例因不良反应而停药,无呼吸抑制及肝肾功能损害,4例(10.53%)有轻度呕吐反应,2例(5.26%)出现肺部感染,1例(2.63%)出血性膀胱炎,1例(2.63%)血小板下降。结论用药期间严密观察及护理,及时发现各种不良反应,将不良反应减少到最低程度,从而保证治疗的顺利进行。

Objective To alleviate the adverse effects of double stosstherapy. Methods Methylprednisone and Cyclophosphamide （CTX） were combined to establish a stosstherapy dose, for 33 patients after thymectomy, followed by hydration therapy. After stosstherapy, urine routine, count of blood cells, and liver and renal function were analyzed to examine the adverse effects. Results Therapy was not terminated in any patient due to adverse effects. Respiratory depression and damage of liver and renal function were not observed in these patients. Four patients （ 10. 53% ） suffered from mild vomiting, two patients （5.26%） pulmonary infection, one patient （2. 63% ） hemorrhagic cystitis and one （2. 63% ） thrombocytopenia. Conclusion During the administration, careful observation and nursing are necessary to alleviate adverse effects and improve curative effect of the therapy.