10～18岁青少年痤疮患病率及影响因素

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Acne Vulgaris in Adolescents 10～18 Years of Age

目的评估10～18岁青少年痤疮的流行现状及其相关危险因素。方法采用横断面问卷调查方法,对调查者逐一检查并以问卷的方式收集流行病学资料,用SPSS11．0软件进行资料统计分析。结果10～18岁年龄组痤疮患病率为53．5%,其中男54．9%,女51．6%,炎性痤疮患病率为25．8%,痤疮及炎性痤疮随年龄逐年增加。痤疮后瘢痕发生率为7．1%,12岁年龄组瘢痕发生率为0．5%,其后瘢痕发生率逐年增加。多因素Logistic回归分析显示年龄、睡眠时间少、涂化妆品、中性皮肤、油性皮肤、混合型皮肤等6项为危险因素,检验显示挤捏皮疹为痤疮后瘢痕的危险因素。结论12岁年龄组开始出现瘢痕,挤捏皮疹是造成痤疮后瘢痕的危险因素。提示应重视青少年痤疮的防治,干预的时机应在11～12年龄组。

Objective To assess the prevalence and risk factors of acne vuglaris in adolescents 10 - 18 years of age. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out by a questionnaire survey for the epidemiological information of acne vuglaris. Software SPSS 10.0 was used to analyze the data. Results The prevalence rate of acne vuglaris was 53.5% among adolescents 10～18 years of age, 54.9% in males and 51.6% in females.The prevalence rate of inflammatory acne was 25.8%. The prevalence of acne vuglaris and inflammatory acne both increased yearly with age. The incidence of postacne scar was 7.1% in all the subjects, 0.5% in the 12-year-age group, and it also increased thereafter year by year with age. According to the results of multiple logistic regression, the risk factors of acne vulgaris included age, skin type （ neutral skin, oily skin and mixed skin ）, insufficient sleep and cosmetic use. The risk factor of postacne scar was squeezing of the lesions. Conclusions Postacne scar is found as early as in the 12-year-age group. Squeezing of the lesions may be a risk factor of postacne scar. The findings suggest that the prevention and treatment of acne vuglaris should best be carried out in the adolescents 11 - 12 years of age.