高热惊厥患儿血钾、钠、氯、钙、糖变化的意义

Changes of Serum Kalium,Natrium,Chlorine,Calcium and Glucose in Children with Febrile Convulsion and Their Clinical Significance

目的探讨高热惊厥(FC)患儿血钾、钠、氯、钙、糖的变化及其临床意义。方法采用自动生化测定仪测定41例FC患儿(FC组)、30例发热患儿(发热组)和30例正常儿(正常组)的血钾、钠、氯、钙、糖水平,并进行比较分析。结果FC组血钾、钙水平与发热组之间无明显差异,但均明显低于正常儿(F=5.965,3.048 P<0.01,0.05);FC组血钠明显低于发热组和正常组;血糖则明显高于后两组(F=22.329,22.203 P均<0.001);发热组与正常组血钠、糖均无明显差异;血氯在3组间均无明显差异(F=0.867 P>0.05)。结论小儿FC存在低钾、低钠、低钙和高血糖。在常规治疗时应注意纠正电解质紊乱和高血糖等,以减少FC的复发、减轻脑组织和其他重要脏器的损害。

Objective To study the changes and clinical significance of serum kalium, natrium, chlorine, calcium and glucose in children with febrile convulsion （FC）. Methods Serum kalium, natrium, chlorine, calcium and glucose concentrations were measured in 41 children with FC（FC group）, 30 children with fever and without convulsion （fever group） and 30 normal children （normal group） by automatic biochemical detector. Results Serum kalium and calcium concentrations had no significant difference between FC group and fever group, but they were significantly lower than those of normal group（ F = 5. 965,3. 048 P 〈 0.01,0.05）. There were lower natrium and higher glucose values in serum of FC group than those of fever group and normal group （ F = 22. 329,22. 203 all P 〈 0.001 ）. Serum chlorine values had no significant difference among each group（F = 0. 867 P 〉 0.05）. Conclusions There are hyponatremia, hyperglycemia and lowered blood kalium and calcium in patients with FC. Hence, while treating the patient with FC, the disturbance of blood electrolytes and glucose need be corrected to avoid the recurrence of FC and the progressive injury of important organs such as brain.