甲醛职业暴露工人遗传毒性分析

Analysis on genetic toxicity of formaldehyde on occupational exposure population

目的探讨甲醛对职业接触人群的遗传毒性效应及寻找其可能的致癌机制。方法在一般情况调查的基础上,采集工人外周血1 ml,抗凝处理并进行外周血微核试验(甲基纤维素法)和单细胞凝胶电泳试验(SCGE)。结果在作业场所甲醛浓度为0.18 mg/m3的情况下,与对照组比较,暴露组的工人外周血细胞的微核发生率并没有明显升高,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。但暴露组出现的DNA损伤细胞的比重与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论甲醛可导致接触工人外周血白细胞DNA发生明显断裂损伤,其带来的遗传损伤不容忽视,DNA断裂可能是其致癌机制之一。

Objective To explore the genotoxic effect and carcinogenicity of formaldehyde on occupational exposure population. Methods Micronucleuis test and single cell gel electrophoresis assay of occupational exposure populations＇ peripheral hemoeyte were carried out in this study. Results 0.18 mg/m^3 formaldehyde exposure could induce observably the DNA strand breaks occupational exposure populations＇ peripheral hemoeyte, whereas no significant was found in the frequency of micronucleus occurrence. Conclusion Foraldehyde has obvious genetic toxicity on occupational exposure staffs, and DNA strand breaks may be one of the carcinogenicity mechanisms of formaldehyde.