宁夏引黄灌区水稻节水灌溉生产效应研究

Study on production effect of rice under water saving irrigation

针对宁夏引黄灌区严重缺水的问题,在当地气候条件下,开展不同灌溉技术〔控制灌溉、浅湿晒灌、深水灌溉(CK)〕应用研究。研究结果表明:控制灌溉主要降低了渗漏量和需水量,与常规灌溉相比,控制灌溉节约用水量4 014.0 m3/hm2,节水幅度达39.5%,水稻水分生产效率提高了65.3%,灌溉水生产效率提高了82.1%,在农艺措施相同的条件下,充分利用有限的水资源,形成合理的灌溉方式,提高成穗率,具有较好的生理效应。

Aimed at the severe shortage of water resource in the Yellow River irrigation district of NingXia, the field experiment was conducted to study the effects of water-saving irrigation techniques on rice, and analyze the influences of soil temperature and water condition to the growth of roots and the forming characters of stems, tillers, leaves, ears and grains of rice. Compared with conventional irrigation, controlled irrigation saved water consumption by 4 014.0 m^3/hm^2, or 39.5%, raised water production efficiency by 65.3%, and increased irrigation production efficiency by 82.1%. Water-saving irrigation was effective in fully using limited water source, and forming reasonable irrigating means to raise ear-ripening rate of rice. Therefore, it was beneficial to realize the objectives of water saving, high yield and superior quality by using controlling irrigation.