温度调节对贮藏番茄冷害及相关生理变化的影响

Effect of Temperature-conditioning on Chilling Injury and Relative Physiological Changes in Stored Tomatoes

为探讨冷害状态下热处理与多胺之间的关系,研究了温度调节对贮藏番茄冷害、组织内多胺含量及其相关生理指标的影响。实验以“粉红908”和“佳粉15#”番茄为试材,采用非冷害温度(“粉红908”于13℃;“佳粉15#”于25℃)、冷害温度(2℃)、38℃热空气处理2d后2℃下贮藏等处理。结果表明:与非冷害温度下贮藏相比,2℃的冷害温度使果实呼吸速率、乙烯合成及腐胺和精胺的含量显著增加;38℃热处理明显降低番茄果实的冷害指数、乙烯合成速率和呼吸强度,抑制“粉红908”番茄呼吸跃变高峰的出现,抑制两品种腐胺和“粉红908”番茄精胺的积累,从而减轻番茄的冷害。两品种番茄腐胺含量以及“粉红908”番茄精胺含量均与果实冷害指数成正相关。

The chilling injury and changes of polyamine contents or some physiological parameters in cold stored tomatoes with and without temperature-conditioning were observed to investigate the relation between polyamine and heat treatment in chilled fruits. Two varieties of tomatoes （Lycopersicon esculentum Mill）, cv. ‘Fenhong 908＇ and ‘Jiafen 15#＇, were stored at nonchilling injury temperature （13℃ or 25℃）, chilling injury temperature （2℃）, or treated in 38℃ hot air for 2 days, then stored at 2℃. Compared with the fruits stored at nonchilling injury temperature, the contents of putrescine （put） and spermine （spm） increased, C2H4 production rate and respiration rate enhanced in the fruits stored at 2℃. Chilling injury index （CII）, respiration rate and C2H4 production rate reduced by prestorage heat treatment, and the peak of respiration in ‘Fenhong 908＇ tomato was delayed. The accumulations of put and spm in ‘Fenhong 908＇ tomato was inhibited in 38℃ heat treated fruits. There were positive relations between put contents and CII in both of tomatoes or between spm content and CII in ‘Fenhong 908＇ tomato.