常用治疗急性湿疹的中药抗Ⅳ型超敏反应的实验研究

Experimental Study on Effects of Chinese Herbs in Inhibiting Type Ⅳ Allergic Contact Dermatitis on the Mice Models

目的研究常用治疗急性湿疹的单味中药(防风、甘草、地肤子、薏苡仁、金银花)抗Ⅳ型超敏反应作用,探讨中药作用机理。方法使用2,4-二硝基氯苯(DNCB)诱导建立小鼠变应性接触性皮炎(ACD)的模型,观察中药对小鼠耳的肿胀度、外周血白细胞数的影响,采用酶联免疫法(ELISA)检测各组小鼠血清中的白介素-4(IL-4)、γ-干扰素(IFN-γ)及可溶性白介素-2受体(sIL-2R)的水平。结果防风、甘草、地肤子、薏苡仁均可抑制DNCB引起的小鼠耳部超敏反应性肿胀所造成的重量改变(P<0.05)。5种中药均可降低DNCB引起的小鼠耳部肿胀所造成的厚度改变,防风作用较明显。5种中药均可降低DNCB引起的白细胞总数升高,薏苡仁的作用最弱。防风、地肤子、薏苡仁均可使ACD小鼠模型升高的IL-4水平下降,且与DNCB模型组相比较有差异显著性(P<0.05)。甘草、金银花不能使IL-4下降。5味中药均显著提高下降的IFN-γ、sIL-2R的含量,防风、地肤子能明显提高IFN-γ的含量。结论中药抗Ⅳ型超敏反应的作用机理与抑制白细胞总数、调节细胞因子及受体有关。

Objective To study the effects of single Chinese herbs in common use for treating acute eczema in inhibiting allergic contact dermatitis on the mice models and to explore the mechanism of treatment. Methods The mice models with allergic contact dermatitis were formed by using dinitrochlorobenzene（DNCB）. The effects of Chinese herbs on ear swelling and leucocyte counts on the mice models were observed. The levels of interleukin-4（IL-4）, interferon-gamma（IFN-γ） and soluble interleukin-2 receptor （sIL-2R） in the sera of these mice were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. Results The Chinese herbs could inhibit ear swellings to a certain extent on the mice models. These five single Chinese herbs obviously reduced the total amount of leucocytes too. They could heighten the levels of IFN-γ and sIL-2R. Radix Saposhnikoviae,Fructus Kochiae and Semen Coicis could reduce IL-4 level. Conclusion The Chinese herbs in common use for treating acute eczema may play a role in inhibiting allergic contact dermatitis by inhibiting the total amount of leucocytes, regulating cell factor and receptor.