特异性卵黄抗体添加剂对中华鳖摄食和生长的影响

The effect of special IgY additive on intake and growth performance of Trionyx sinensis

中华鳖（Trionyx sinensis）是我国和东南亚地区的主要特种水产养殖品种之一。浙江省是开展中华鳖工厂化养殖较早的地区。目前约占全国产量的60％以上。但随着集约化程度的提高，水质恶化等因素，导致其免疫机能衰退，疾病发生日趋严重，阻碍了养鳖业的进一步发展。其中以嗜水气单胞菌（Aeromonas hydrophila）引起的中华鳖出血性败血症尤为严重。传统上主要依靠抗生素、含氯剂等药物防治该病，虽能在一定程度上起到防治作用，但是随着药物大量、长期的使用会造成环境污染、细菌耐药性和药物残留的产生。

Intake and growth performance of Trionyx sinensis were investigated by feeding with the additive containing special IgY against Aeromonas hydrophila from egg yolk of laying hens immunized with an inactivated Aeromonoa hydrophila （HZD111）. The results showed the fiter of the special IgY additive was 1：640. Intake time was shortened 24.15 % （ P 〈 0.01 ）in the group fed on 2‰ special IgY additive, compared with control group. The average daily weight was increased 0.148 g （ P 〈 0.01） and 0.1 g （ P 〈 0.05）, and the average mortality rate was decreased 66.7 % and 45.5 %, compared with control group and fed on 2‰ additive containing nonspecific IgY, respectively. Trionyx sinensis were challenged with 2.5 ×10^9 CFU HZDlll after the end of feeding trial. The challenge results indicated that the mortality rate in the group fed on 2‰ special IgY additive were decreased 80.8% and 79.2%, compared with other groups. The method of making additives was simple and low cost. The preparative had better bioactivity and dainty. The special IgY additive could provide a novel alternative approach to prevention and control of diseases caused by A. hydrophila infection in Trionyx sinensis.