中国1998～2003年婴儿死亡率及其相关因素研究

Study on infant mortality rate and related factors in China in 1998 -2003

目的:发现与婴儿死亡相关的因素,为降低婴儿死亡率提供依据。方法:利用第3次国家卫生服务调查的资料,计算全国的婴儿死亡率,并对相关因素进行单因素和多因素分析。结果:1999～2003年婴儿死亡率平均为11.3‰;农村地区的婴儿死亡率差异较大,经济最不发达的4类农村地区的婴儿死亡率最高,达到了25.1‰;对农村地区婴儿死亡影响大的因素包括:婴儿性别、母亲民族与受教育水平、家庭饮用水类型及年人均医疗卫生支出。结论:经济最不发达的4类农村地区应该成为卫生干预的重点对象,应加强健康教育、引入针对性干预项目和普及社会医疗保险。

Objective： To find factors related to infant mortality for the purpose of decreasing China＇s Infant Mortality Rate （IMR）. Methods. Calculating the IMR of China, and performing analysis on factors related to infant death using the data of the Third National Health Services Survey of China. Results： The average IMR in 1999 -2003 was 11. 3 per 1 000 live births; the IMRs varied greatly in different levels of rural areas, in which it was the highest of 25. 1 per 1 000 live births in type 4 rural areas with the lowest economic level ; the factors had obvious influence on infant mortality in rural areas were： gender of infant, motherg nationality and education level, drink - water type of household, and average annual expenditure on medicine per capita. Conclusion： Type 4 rural areas with the lowest economic level should be the key objects receiving health intervention including health education, specified intervention program and increasing social medical insurance coverage, and so on.