基于Matlab的球铁石墨的定量分析

Quantitative Analysis of the Graphite Particles in Spheroidal Graphite Cast Iron Based on Matlab

随着铸铁产业的持续发展,球墨铸铁中石墨图像的定量分析迫切需要一种简便、精确、自动的检测方法。采用Matlab图像工具箱编程,对球墨铸铁石墨图像进行灰度变换、边缘检测、图像形态学及种子填充等一系列图像处理,其中在边缘检测中采用Roberts算子与Canny算子相结合的方法。在分析石墨颗粒形态特征和分布特征的基础上,提取了整体似圆度、取向角、分布距离以及石墨面积百分数4个特征量,利用这4个特征参数可以综合地反映球铁中石墨颗粒的形态及位置状态。对不同冷却条件下球铁试样中的石墨图像进行了分析,结果表明该方法能有效地用于球铁石墨的定量分析。

With the persistent development of cast-iron industry, there is an active demand for a simple, accurate and automatic method for the quantitative analysis of the graphite particles in spheroidal graphite cast iron. The Matlab image processing toolbox was used in the image programming. A set of techniques which can be used to improve the effects of the image processing, such as gray transformation, edge detection, image morphology and seed filling,etc, have been employed and the method of combining Roberts operator with Canny operator was used in the edge detection. Characteristic parameters of graphite particles, such as sphericity, orientation, distribution distance and area ratio, have been calculated based on the analyzing of the morphological character and the distribution character of graphite particles. By analyzing the four parameters, the morphology and position state of graphite particles are found. According to the analyzing of graphite particles images in spheroidal graphite cast iron samples which were chilled under different cooling conditions, the results showed that this method can be used effectively in the quantitative analysis of the graphite particles in spheroidal graphite cast iron.