论体育赛事的公共产品性质

On Character of Public Product of Sports Competitions

公共产品的存在是造成市场失灵的重要原因,提供公共产品也是政府的重要职能。在列举著名经济学家关于公共产品定义的基础上,论证了公共产品的两个定义特征———消费的非竞争性和非排他性的关系,并证明它们互为充分必要条件。并以此为基础分析了体育赛事的公共产品性质。认为:体育赛事的基础性产品具有消费的非竞争性,衍生产品中绝大多数属于私人产品,从而指出体育赛事属于具有较大公共产品性质的混合产品。

Public product is an important concept in economics and an important reason of market failure. Offering public product is also an important function of government. Based on enurnerating famous economists＇ definitions on public product, it demonstrated the characteristic of the two definitions of public product, i.e. the relation of consumptive nonrivalronsness to its nonexclusiveness, and testified that they were mutual sufficient prerequisites, and based onit analyzed the character of public product of sports competitions as well. It considers that the basic products of sport competitions have the character of consumptive nonrivalrousness, and most of their derivations belong to private goods, thus pointing out that sports competitions are parts of mixed products with much character of public product.