栉孔扇贝和虾夷扇贝杂交子代的GISH鉴定及其免疫学特性

Preliminary cytological identification and immunological traits of hybrid scallop from Chlamys farreri (♀) Patinopecten yessoensis ()

以栉孔扇贝[Chlamys farreri(Jones et Preston)](♀)和虾夷扇贝(Patinopecten yessoensis)(♂)杂交子代担轮幼虫为材料,分别用栉孔扇贝和虾夷扇贝基因组作探针,采用基因组荧光原位杂交(GISH)的方法,对杂交后代杂交子的确切身份进行初步鉴定。结果表明,子代分别继承了双亲各一套染色体(n=19),为真正的杂交种。为了解杂交扇贝的免疫学特性,在自然海域栉孔扇贝大规模死亡的情况下,分别对杂交扇贝及其亲本3个扇贝群体血细胞的胞内活性氧含量(ROIs)、血清凝集素效价(HA)、溶菌酶活力(LSZ)、抑菌活力、酚氧化酶活性(PO)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)以及酸性磷酸酶(ACP)和碱性磷酸酶(ALP)等9种非特异性免疫学指标进行测定。结果表明,栉孔扇贝除ROIs、SOD、ACP等3个指标显著低于虾夷扇贝外(P<0.01),其他6种指标均高于虾夷扇贝,且除血清凝集素效价外均达显著水平(P<0.05)。在杂交子代中,上述免疫指标除SOD活性低于低值亲本外(P>0.6),其余8种免疫指标均介于双亲之间。杂交子代在9种免疫指标中有8种与母本无显著性差异,而子代与父本之间9种免疫指标中有7种达显著差异(P<0.05)。这些结果说明,杂交扇贝在非特异性免疫上存在明显的偏母性特征,这点与子代在外形特征上的偏母性相吻合。因此杂交扇贝相对于其母本在生产实践中表现出的一定程度的抗逆优势可能与非特异性免疫无明显关系。[中国水产科学,2006,13(4):597-602]

Genome in situ hybridization technique was employed to clarify the identity of the scallop hybrid offspring from Chlarnys farreri ♀ × Patinopecten yesonensis ♂ , and immunological characteristics were analyzed and compared between the hybrid and their parent stocks in this paper. Results showed that the hybrid offspring inherited one set of chromosomes （n = 19） from each side of the parents. 9 immune parameters, intracellular reactive oxygen species （ROIs）, agglutination titers （HA）, lysozyme （LSZ）, bactericidal activity, Phenoloxidase （PO）, Catalase（CAT）, superoxide dismutase （SOD）, acid phosphatase （ACP） and alkaline phosphatase （ALP） were compared between the hybrid and their parents stocks. The result indicated that all of the immunological traits analyzed in maternal stock Chlamys farreri were significantly higher than those of paternal stock Patinopecten yesonensis （P 〈 0.05） except ROIs, SOD and ACP. While in the hybrid stock, almost all values of these parameters were between those of their parents except SOD. Seven of nine immune parameters in hybrid stock significantly departed from the values of their paternal parents （P 〈 0.05）. But no significant difference was found in 8 of 9 immune parameters between the hybrids and their maternal parent stock Chlarnys farreri （P 〉0.05）. These results indicated that the non-specific immune activities in the hybrids were more similar to that of their maternal parents rather than their paternal parents. The hybrid heterosis in survival rate compared with their maternal parents in mariculture practice may not be correlated to the change of non-specific immune activities in hybrids. [Journal of Fishery Sciences of China, 2006,13 （4） ： 597 - 602 ]