国有商业银行治理结构创新的合约经济学分析

A Contract Economic Analysis on State-owned Commercial Bank Governance Structure Innovation

商业银行是市场中的企业,因此可以理解为一个(或一组)要素所有者缔结的市场合约。我国国有商业银行的非合约性决定了其在治理结构上必然先天存在缺陷。要进行国有商业银行治理结构创新,关键就是要使其成为各种要素所有者进行要素使用权交易形成的市场合约。同时,还要加强对商业银行的信息披露,从而形成市场约束,完善商业银行的外部治理;建立有效的激励合约,以酬金、晋升等方式为高级管理人员、员工提供有效的激励机制;发挥债权人等利益相关者在商业银行外部治理中的作用。

Commercial banks are firms in the market, which can be understood as a market contract concluded by the owner of one element or one group element. The noncontracted nature of China＇s state-owned commercial banks determines the inevitably inborn disfigurement in governance structure of them. It＇s critical for state-owned commercial bank governance structure innovation to make them be market contracts, which result from the exchanging use of elements by the owners of various elements. Meanwhile, it＇s necessary to strengthen information disclosure of commercial banks, hence forming market constraints and consummating external governance of commercial banks; it＇s necessary to establish an effective incentive contract, hence offering an effective incentive mechanism for the top managers and the staff members in the form of wage, promotion, etc.; it＇s also necessary to bring into play the role of interest relevant persons, such as creditors, in external governance.