摘要
应用微血管铸型扫描电镜观察１５例２０～３８周胎儿肾小球血管构筑。发现，球型肾小球占多数（７１．５％），菊花型（１６％）和混合型（１２．５％）较少，肾小球的类型是由胚胎早期发育所决定。入球与出球小动脉多为１支，少数有２支以上，在入、出球小动脉之间未观察到有直接吻合的血管，但少数肾小球与肾小球之间有毛细血管相交通，或肾小球与肾小球之间接触部分毛细血管形成直接吻合。此外，还观察到较少的近足月龄胎儿肾小球旁器内毛细血管的构筑，其毛细血管分布较局限，毛细血管直径大于其形成网眼的直径。
The microvascular architecture of 15 case human fetal renal glomerulus in the age between 5～9 months was studied with the replica SEM method of methaycrylate corrosion_casts of vessele. The shape of the glomerulus could be divided into three kinds: the spherical glomerulus, the chrysanthemum_like glomerulus and mixed glomerulus. Their proportion were 71.5%,16% and 12.5% respectively. One or two larger afferent arterioles formed glomerular capillaries. Capillary loops of spherical glomerulus were interconnected by anatomosed vessels, but the lobules of the glomerular capillaries were not obvious in the human fetal developmental period. The chrythanthemun_like glomerulus consisted of many branches of capillaries, which ended blindly and did not show any anatomoses. The mixed glomerulus had a combination of vascular arrangement of both patterns abovementioned. Three kinds of glomerulus were decided by early development in human fetus. The capillary network of the juxtaglomerular apparatus were very limited as compared to that of adult human. The dismeters of meshes of the capillary network were smaller than that of the vessels themselves.
