恩施土家族人眼的表面形态特征

Superficial Morphological Characteristics of the Eyes of People of Tujia Nationality in Enshi

按随机抽样原则选择湖北恩施土家族人５９８名观测了眼的表面形态。该民族大部分人两眼位置适中，虹膜褐色，眼裂水平，开度中等，无蒙古褶，双睑；多为细窄眼型或中等眼型；眼的各径男大于女，一般存在性别差异；随年龄增加，眼型由中等型向细窄型转化，根据眼外形特征和聚类分析推测，土家人眼属于南、北方民族间的过渡型。

The superficial shape of the eyes of 598 people of Tujia nationality in Enshi determined according to the principle of random sampling was observed and measured. Both eyes of theirs lay to lateral sides of nasal root in more moderate position. The iris was brown colour. The medial angle of the eye was at a level with the lateral angle. The opening height of the eyelits was in medium degree. There was no Monggoloid fold in most Tujia people. There was usually skin fold paralleling free edge of eyelid on upper eyelid in most Tujia people. The eyes of theirs basically belonged to the narrow type or medium type if they were classified according to height index of fissure of the eyes. Their eyes mainly belonged to medium height_medium breadth type if they were classified according to the height and breadth of the eyelits. All measured values of men were larger than those of women. There was sex difference in interocular breadth, external biocular breadth and inter_pupillary distance. With age, the medium type of the eyes or the medium height_medium breadth type of the eyes was transformed into a small type of eye or short height_short breadth type of eye.