湖南汨罗长乐方言语音分析

Phonological Analysis of Changle Dialect Miluo County in Hunan Province

长乐地域与平江、岳阳县毗连,长乐方言受赣语的影响较大,但湘语特征更为突出,应划入湘语长益片。其理由有三:一是从土人感来看,长乐人觉得和平江人通话有困难,巴陵话口音很重,长乐话当属汨罗话、长沙话系列,而与平江、巴陵话相去甚远。二是从历史沿革和地域文化看,长乐一直归属于古罗城,还在梁、隋时成为县治,其文化是地地道道的楚文化。三是从语音识别特征看,虽然长乐方言韵母,如“鼻化韵较丰富,非敷奉母宕摄阳韵合口三等字念[x],古流臻曾三撮开口一等韵今读齐齿”等与湘东赣语相似,但其声韵调的主要演变规律,如“古全浊声母今逢塞音、塞擦音时清化,舒声字一般不送气,入声送气”、“模韵端泥组、鱼虞韵庄组与流摄字相混,鱼虞韵精组读[i],蟹撮合口端系读开口,一般都保留入声调类”和湘语长益片高度一致。

Changie is an old-established town of Mi Luo County in Hunan .Province, which borders on Pingjiang and Yueyang County, therefore the Changle dialect is greatly effected by Gan Group, though the Xiang Group feature is more projecting.The article chiefly describes phonologic system and syllable form, analyses the phonological changing rules and phonological changing tendency, and has a discussion about the classification of Changie dialect：belongs to Changyi cluster of Xiang group.