革兰阴性杆菌产ESBLs与第三代头孢菌素用药频度分析

Extended-spectrum β-Lactamases(ESBLs) Producing Bacteria and DDDs of the Third Generation Cephalosporins: Current Status and Analysis

目的 了解引起医院感染细菌中革兰阴性杆菌产超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBLs）及与第三代头孢菌素（TGC）用药频度（DDDs）的相关性。方法分别对2000-2002年5所医院第三代头孢菌素消耗量和革兰阴性杆菌产ESBLs率进行统计分析。结果3年第三代头孢菌素总DDDs为130．64万个治疗日，2000、2001、2002年第三代头孢菌素的DDDs分别为33．35万、43．12万、54．17万个治疗日；3年革兰阴性杆菌产ESBLs的平均产酶率为33．67％，2000、2001、2002年产酶率分别为29．64％、32．58％、38．45％。结论阴性杆菌产超广谱伊内酰胺酶和第三代头孢菌素用药频度均呈逐年上升趋势，DDDs增长过高过快，导致产ESBLs细菌的增多。

OBJECTIVE To investigate extended-spectrum β-lactamases （ESBLs） producing bacteria and daily defined doses （DDDs） of the third generation cephalosporins. METHODS The cosumpsion of the third generation cephalosporins in five hospitals from 2000 to 2002 and the incidence of ESBLs producing bacteria were analyzed. RESULTS In these years, the total DDDs were 1. 3064 million therapeutic days, 0. 3335 million in 2000; 0. 4312 million in 2001 ; 0. 5417 million in 2002. The average ESBLs producing ratio was 33.67%, ie, 29.64%, 32.58% and 38.45 % in 2000, 2001 and 2002. CONCLUSIONS The incidence of ESBLs producing bacteria and DDDs of the third generation cephalosporins are raised gradually. More faster raised DDDs would result in higher incidence of ESBLs producing bacteria.