超旱生小灌木——红砂大田育苗技术研发

Technique Development for Growing Super-Xerophil Reamuria songarica Seedlings in Field

采用对比试验，研究了红砂（Reamuria songarica（Pall．））大田容器育苗的容器选择、种子处理、覆土厚度、覆盖保护和灌水方式等措施对出苗率、成苗率和容器苗质量的影响。结果表明：红砂适宜的育苗容器为底部多孔的大规格容器，适宜的覆土厚度为0．3～0．6cm，覆盖材料的适宜遮光率应控制在60％以下；以遮光率60％的遮荫网为例，适宜的覆盖时间为20～30d左右；细质地的河沙表面覆盖是较好的覆盖方式。育苗容器和覆盖方式对幼苗质量有显著影响。覆土厚度和覆盖时间对出苗率和成苗率均有显著影响；覆盖方式仅对出苗率有显著影响；种子处理和灌水方式对出苗率、成苗率均无显著影响，但从生产的经济实用性及容器苗质量方面综合评价，种子机械处理和漫灌＋喷灌灌水方式更符合生产推广要求。

We have contrastively studied the germination ratio, survival ratio and seedling quality of Reamuria songarica （Pall）in field experiment under different treatments, such as different breeding containers, seed treatments, thickness of covering soil, mulch styles, and irrigation patterns, etc： The results show that： the suitable seedling container is big container with many bottom outlet, the thickness of covering soil is 0.3～0.6 cm, the maximum shade ratio is under 60%, the advantageous shade time duration is 30 days taking shade ratio 60 % as example, and the better mulch material is fine river sand. Variance analysis indicated that： seedling container and mulch materials remarkably affect seedling quality; covering soil thickness and shade time duration remarkably affect germination ratio and survival ratio; mulch materials only affects germination ratio obviously. Seed treatment and irrigation pattern have no effect on germination ratio and survival ratio, but viewed from synthetically evaluating on economical practicability and seedling quality, the compound measure of treating seeds with machine and applying flood irrigation combined with sprinkling irrigation is the most suitable for extending.