金宝山铂钯浮选精矿几种处理工艺的讨论

Several Techniques for Handling Flotation Sulfide Concentrates of Jinbaoshan Platinum Mine

云南金宝山铂矿是我国目前发现的第一个具有工业开采价值的原生铂矿。已公开报道的处理其浮选精矿的冶炼工艺包括:微波加热或硫酸熟化预处理后湿法提取铂钯;火法造锍熔炼富集后再湿法处理高镍锍或低镍锍;直接加压氧化酸浸后加压氰化浸出铂钯。本文对上述几种工艺进行了比较讨论。指出:工艺方案一存在化学试剂耗量大,有害气体污染环境,Cu,Ni,Co难于分离和Pt,Pd浸出率低等缺点;工艺方案二则工序繁冗,能耗高,污染严重,周期长,贵金属富集物品位低,经济上难以创效;工艺方案三更适合处理金宝山铂钯浮选精矿,且具有铂钯回收指标高、工序短、成本低、无SO2污染等优点。加压氧化酸浸后进行加压氰化的全湿法新工艺突破了处理含铂族金属硫化矿只有采用火法熔炼才能有效地捕集铂族金属的传统观点,对提高金宝山铂矿资源的综合利用水平具有重要意义。

Jinbaoshan platinum mine （Yunnan Province, PRC） is the first discovered proterozoic platinum mine having industrial valuation in China. Several techniques were sulfide concentrates of Jinbaoshan platinum mine： 1. the flotation concentrates are pre-treat by microwave heating or sulfuric acid and then the platinum metals are recovered by the hydrometallurgical acidic oxidiz- ing leaching at atmosphere pressure. 2. traditional pyrometallurgical process to enrich precious metals into Cu-Ni matte; and 3. two-stage selective acidic pressure leaching-pressure cyanidation leaching. This report is focusing on the evaluation of above options and indicates that： （1） the option 1 is not technical sound due to its large consumption of chemical agent, severe pollution of harmful gas released, difficulties for sepa- rating Cu, Ni and Co effectively, and low percentmetal leaching of Pt and Pd; （2） the pyrometallurgical process （option 2） is also not suitable for this case due to economic concerns over its complicated and long flowsheet, high energy consumption, severe pollution, low content of precious metals in the final enriched concentrates; and （3） selective two-stage pressure leaching （option 3） is preferred because of its advantages of capability to handle low-grade concentrates, high metal recovery, short flowsheet, low capital and SO2-free environment. For the suggested new technique of selective two-stage pressure leaching, it is an innovation to treat the Jinbaoshan flotation concentrates, which breaks through the traditional opinions of treating the flotation concentrates containing platinum metals only by the pyrometaUurgical approaches, and is important for future exploration of Jinbaoshan platinum mine.