泥炭腐植酸类物质作为水煤浆分散剂的性能研究

Study on the Properties of Humic Substances Made from Peat As Dispersant of Coal Water Mixture

通过将泥炭改性处理或分离分级腐植酸各组分,制备腐植酸类水煤浆添加剂,考察其对水煤浆的分散性能。结果表明,泥炭腐植酸类添加剂对煤浆有较好的分散性。不同类型泥炭腐植酸对煤浆的分散性不同,以低灰分、高腐植酸的草本泥炭最好,泥炭藓泥炭最差;腐植酸各级分受其分子量和官能团的影响,黑、棕腐植酸好于黄腐植酸;泥炭进行改性处理可增加腐植酸中的亲水和疏水基团,不同程度改善了对水煤浆的分散性能。

CWM （Coal Water Mixture） is composed of some 70% of coal, probably 30% of water and about 1% of additive. It is a sort of fluidic fuel that can be stored in the kettle and burned after pulverized. The caloric value of 1.8-2.1 ton of CWM comes up to that of 1 ton of oil. The role of additives in the CWM is decreasing the viscosity of CWM and increasing the fluidity and stability. In this paper, peat is chosen as raw material, and humic substances of it have been extracted grade by grade to prepare CWM additives. Seeing about the dispersion properties of the additives to CWM. The results show that the humic substances from peat have good dispersion properties to CWM, especially from herbaceous peat with low ash and high hun＇tic acid content; humic acid （HA） and humin （HM） are better than fulvic acids （HF） to CWM; the additives from peat that its character is transferred can improve the dispersion to CWM to the different extent.