海洋藻类多糖的药理研究进展

Study on Pharmacologic Functions Progress of Polysaccharide of Marine Alga

海洋藻类植物极其丰富,如螺旋藻、羊栖菜、海带等,其中所含有的多糖成分多具有各种药理作用。本文通过查阅国内外大量文献,通过对其研究内容、实验方法和结论做了系统分析。总结海洋藻类多糖的药理作用如下:(1)抗肿瘤作用,羊栖菜多糖(SFPS)能减少L615小鼠全血和肝脾中脂质过氧化物的含量并增加SOD、CAT的活性,抑制肿瘤生长。(2)免疫增强和免疫调节作用,嗜盐隐杆藻胞外多糖(EAH)能显著提高由环磷酰胺所致的免疫低下反应,使小鼠胸腺细胞增值水平、腹腔巨噬细胞分泌IL-1水平、骨髓细胞增值水平、混合淋巴细胞反应、NK细胞杀伤活性及淋巴细胞分泌IL-2水平均有非常明显的提高,并能基本达到正常小鼠水平,这表明嗜盐隐杆藻多糖有正向免疫调节作用。(3)活血化瘀作用,紫菜多糖(PP)具有抑制血栓形成的作用。(4)抗衰老作用,螺旋藻多糖(PSP)具有抗衰老作用。(5)对机体细胞的保护作用,紫菜多糖(PP)能对抗60Coγ射线的辐射,细胞存活率显著提高。(6)抗辐射作用,紫球藻胞外多糖(PSP)对小鼠免疫功能具正向调节作用。(7)抗病毒作用,褐藻糖胶则具有抗RNA和DNA病毒的作用,实验表明,它对脊髓灰质炎病毒Ⅲ型,柯萨奇B3和A16型病毒,腺病毒Ⅲ型,埃可Ⅳ型病毒有明显的抑制作用。如上所述,由于海洋藻类植物资源十分丰富,并且其药理作用广泛,所以海洋藻类多糖具有较高的研究价值和广阔的并发前景。

Marine alga plants are exceedingly plentiful, such as spirnlina, sargassum fusiforme setchel, hminaria japonica aresch whose polysaccharide have various pharmacology functions.This text analyses the contents, the experiment methods and the conclusions to do the system analysis through checldng a great deal of the domestic and international references. Sum up the pharmacology functions of the polysaccharide of marine alga as following：（1 ）The function of anti-cancer, The Polysac- charide from Sargassum fusiforme（SFPS） can remarkably reduce the contents of LPO and increase in the enzyme activities Of SOD,CAT in whole blood,liVer and spleen in leukemia L615 mice,inhibit the growth of cancer. （2） The function of immunity strengthen and immunity adjustment, The Exopolysaccharides from Aphanothece halophytica（EAH） could improve the immunological function because of the cyclophospha-mide.The results showed that EAH could not only enhance the mitogenic response of mice＇sthymus cells,murine bone marrow cells proliferation,murine mixed lymphocyte reaction and the activity of NK cells in mice,but promote the interleukinl（IL- 1）production and increase the activity of IL-2 as well.The study suggests that EAH can improve the immunological function of mice. （3） The function of promoting blood circulation, The Porphtyra Polysaccharide（PP） has the effect of inhibiting the form of thrombus. （4）The function of anti-aging, The Polysacharide of Spirulina Platenisis（PSP）has the anti-aging effects. （5） The pretection function of the organism cell, The Porphtyra P01ysaccharide（PP） can resist the radiation of ^60Coyand the survival rate of cell is remarkable enhancing. （6）The function of anti-irradiation, The Polysaccharide of Porphyridium sp （PSP） has the effect of improving the immunological function of mice. （7） The function of anti-virus, The Fucoidan has the anti-virus effects of RNA and DNA. The experiments showed that it could inhibit the poliovirus Ⅲ,coxsackie B3 virus and coxsackie Al6 virus, adenovirus Ⅲ ,ECHO6 virus remarkably. As stated above, because the reSOUrCe of the marine alga plants is extremely abundant, and their pharmacology functions are extensive, so polysaccharide of marine alga has the higher research value and vast development prospect.