金头鲷的形态学及框架结构的研究

Study on morphology and truss networks of the gilthead sea bream, Sparus aurata Linnaeus

从初孵仔鱼培育到17月龄鱼种中，检测50尾鱼（鱼龄17个月）的体重（g）、体长（cm）、全长（cm）、尾叉长（cm）、体高（cm）、体宽（cm）、头长（cm）、吻长（cm）、眼后头长（cm）、眼径（cm）、尾柄长（cm）和尾柄高（cm）等的平均值及标准差分别为241．11±49．56、18．72±1．30、24．15±1．39、22．02±1．23、8．20±0．63、3．18±0．31、5．56±0．36、1．98±0．28、2．47±0．21、1．52±0．09、2．56±0．45、1．96±0．17；体长／体高、体长／头长、体长／尾柄长、体长／眼径、头长／眼径、头长／尾柄长、头长／尾柄高、尾柄长／尾柄高、头长／眼后头长和体高／体厚等的平均值分别为2．29±0．10、3．33±0．18、7．49±1．25、12．37±1．12、3．72±0．30、2．26±0．43、2．88±0．25、1．31±0．21、2．29±0．16和2．59±0．22。其可数性状：背鳍、胸鳍、腹鳍、臀鳍等的鳍式为D．Ⅺ-12～14、P1.5＋（9-10）、P2．Ⅰ-1＋4、A．Ⅲ-11；侧线鳞为56-69枚、侧线上鳞为6-8枚；脊椎骨数为9-10（胸骨）＋13～14（尾骨）根；上颌齿式为：1～5＋7-10、2-13、4～9、0～9／0～7、3～10、3～15、4～11＋1～4；下颌齿式为：1～2＋6～15、4～10、0-8／0～7、4～9、6～12＋1～2。通过观察，运用传统测量法对其外观的可数、可量性状进行测量与分析，并结合Humphsies，Bookstein和Bookstein等提出的框架法（Truss）思路来构建金头鲷的框架结构图，几何地描述金头鲷的体形特征，可为研究金头鲷的种质提供科学依据。

Different parameters of gilthead sea bream （50 samples selected from initial fry to 17-month old） were measured. The average （± SD） of body weight, body length, total length, caudal fork length, body depth, body width, head length, snout length, postortital length, eye diameter, length of caudal peduncle, and depth of caudal peduncle were 241.11 ± 49.56 g, 18.72±1.30 cm,24.15±1.39 cm,22.02±1.23 cm,8. 20±0. 63 cm,3. 18±0.31 cm,5.56± 0.36 cm,1. 98±0. 28 cm,2. 47±0. 21 cm,1. 52±0. 09 cm,2. 56±0. 45 cm,and 1.96±0.17 cm, respectively. The average ratio （ ± SD） of BL/ED, BL/HL, BL/CPL, BL/ED, HL/ED,HL/CPL, HL/CPD,CPL/CPD, HL/HBE, and BD/BW were 2.29 ± 0.10,3.33 ± 0.18,7.49 ± 1.25,12.37±1.12,3.72±0.30,2.26±0. 43,2.88±0.25,1.31±0.21,2.29±0.16 and 2.59± 0.22, respectively. The fin formulas of Dorsal fin, Pectoral fin, Ventral fin and Anal fin were D. Ⅺ-12-14, P1.5＋910,P2. Ⅰ -1＋4,A.Ⅲ-11, respectively. The lateral line-scale and scale above lateral line were 56-69 and 6-8. The number of abdominal and caudal vertebrae were 9 -10 and13-14 respectively. The premaxillary teeth formula was 1-5＋7-10,2-13,4-9,0-9 /0-7,3-10,3-15,4-11＋1-4. The dentary teeth formula was 1-2＋6-15,4-10,0 -8 / 0-7,4-9,6-12＋1-2. Through measuring and analyzing the countable and measurable properties of gilthead sea bream with traditional method, the structure diagram of network was established, based on the Truss network method l furthermore, the morphology of gilthead sea bream was described, which could provide scientific basis for studying the gilthead sea bream breed.