种植套筒冠覆盖义齿在无牙颌修复中的应用

Application of implant-supported telescopic overdenture in edentulous cases

目的探讨以种植套筒冠覆盖义齿修复无牙颌的临床效果。方法对北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院口腔种植中心就诊的21例无牙颌患者,采用种植套筒冠覆盖义齿修复。共28件修复体,其中上颌全颌覆盖义齿13件,下颌全颌覆盖义齿15件。共植人种植体139枚,其中Camlog 74枚,IMZ 28枚,Frialit-2 37枚。种植体修复基台切削后直接作为套筒冠内冠,套筒冠外冠分别采用金沉积技术和失蜡铸造技术加工。修复后平均追踪26．5个月(12-39个月)。以临床检查和影像学检查评价修复效果。结果至最后一次复查,21例患者临床检查未见修复体松动、折断、损坏,修复体固位好、稳定,种植体周围软组织健康。19例患者曲面断层X线片显示种植体周围骨组织稳定,无吸收。仅2例在修复3年后发现少量骨吸收,约1 mm。修复后至最后一次复查未见种植体脱落。结论种植套筒冠覆盖义齿稳定,种植体周围骨组织稳定,可用于无牙颌修复。

Objective To evaluate clinical results of implant supported telescopic overdenture. Methods 21 patients with edentulous jaws underwent telescopic overdenture restoration. A total of 28 prostheses were fabricated. Of them, 13 were in the upper jaws, 15 in the lower jaws. Among 139 placed implants, 74 were Catalog, 28 IMZ, and 37 Frialit-2. The secondary crown was fabricated by electroforming technique and wax-lost cast method. Clinical examination and radiographs were conducted. Changes in the marginal bone level around the implants were evaluated with radiograph. The mean follow-up time was 26. 5 months （range 12-39 months ）. Results This type of restoration could provide sufficient stability and maintain peri-implant hygiene easily. Peri-implantitis and prosthetic complications were not observed. Marginal bone around implants was stable. No implant was lost during the loading time. Condusions The preliminary clinical results of this research showed that implant supported telescopic overdentures were predictable for edentulous patients.