论公共管理实践中的“试点”方法

On the Piloting Approach to Public Management Practice

试点是我国公共管理实践中常用的一种方法,是政策制定的一个有机组成部分,为各级公共管理部门所广泛采用。当前我国公共管理部门所开展的试点越来越多,一方面说明试点是一种有效的公共管理方法,有利于提高制度设计的精度和可控性;另一方面也反映当前改革难度日趋加大,改革的不确定性逐渐增强。在实践中,试点方法又面临诸多挑战,影响了试点的内在效度和外在效度。因此,需要加强相关制度建设,以提高试点方法的内在效度与外在效度。

A tentative action called piloting approach prevails in China to the practice of public management, which has become an integral part of policy formulation and often adopted by the Public Management Services at different levels, Nowadays the approach is taken by more and more departments concerned. It implies that the piloting approach plays indeed an effective role in improving the exactness and controllability of designing the public management institution, On the other hand, it reflects that the economic/social reform has an increasing difficulty with more uncertainties. So, the piloting approach is facing many challenges in practice, thus affecting its intrinsic and extrinsic validities which are both to be improved by way of perfecting the related institution.