大型商场开敞空间防烟分区内烟气运动的模拟

Simulation on Smoke Movement in the Smoke-Stop Zone of Open Style Space of Large Emporium

针对大型商场火灾危险性严重的典型部位,运用数学模化和计算机模化的方法,采用双层区域模型,建立了开敞式空间防烟分区内烟气流动过程的数学模型和计算机模化软件CSMOKE.应用模拟系统对防烟分区内火灾初期的烟气流动情况,包括烟气的产生量、烟气层的温度以及烟气层厚度随时间的变化等进行预测,并对影响火灾发展主要因素的影响规律进行了研究.同时,分别以汽油油盘和标准试件为燃烧物开展了大型商场开敞空间防烟分区的实体火灾试验,获取了火灾和烟气运动的特性参数.模拟计算结果与实测结果的误差在20%以内.

In view of the most fatal ulating software-CSMOKE for smoke typical place in large emporium, the mathematical model and computer simflowing process in the smoke-stop zone of open style space were built by using numerical simulation and computer simulation with two-layer zone model. The simulation system was used for forecasting the smoke flow early in fire development, which includes the variation of the smoke production, the temperature and the thickness of smoke layer with time, and analysis on the rule of main factors about fire development. Furthermore the entity fire experiment in the smoke-stop zone of open style space of large emporium was carried out and natural parameters of fire and smoke movement were obtained based on gasoline oil pan and standard test piece. The mathematical model and computer simulating software are verified to be right and reliable. The error about simulation and experimental result is less than 20%.