采前喷钙和套袋对华盛顿脐橙果皮病变的影响

Effects of Bagging and Preharvest Calcium Spray on Fruit Blotch of Washington Navel Orange Peel

以华盛顿脐橙为试验材料,研究了采前喷钙和套袋对果皮病变的影响。结果表明,华盛顿脐橙果皮油胞凹陷和油胞破裂等田间果皮病变高达30%以上;果皮病变与果园管理水平、植株和果皮钙含量密切相关,采前喷钙和套袋处理提高了果实硬度,增加果皮钙含量,降低采后果皮病变率40%～50%,达显著和极显著水平;同时钙处理促进果实着色,显著增加果皮红色度和光泽度。采前喷钙和套袋对提高华脐果实的外观品质和商品性具有很好的作用。

Washington navel orange was increasingly produced in Three Gorges area for its excellent quality. But the cracked oil glands of the concaved were approaching 30% rate,which seriously depressed fruit commercial value. We studied bagging and preharvest calcium spray effects on rind diseases in Washington navel orange. The results showed that rind blotch had a relative correlation with calcium of plant and fruit. The calcium ratio of leaf in seriously harmed orchard to the well balanced is 1/4 to 1/3 ,and the former had less amount calcium in fruit rind. Bagging and preharvest calcium spray increased calcium content, hardened the rind texture, prolonged storage period, and distinctly reduced blotched fruit ratio by 40% to 50%. It also showed that preharvest calcium spray promoted fruit rind color-break,deepened the red color and smoothed the rind. So,bagging and preharvest calcium spray had relatively satisfied effects on the external quality and commercial value of Washington navel orange.