晕厥的诊断思路

Diagnostic Evaluation of Syncope

晕厥是临床常见的问题。对晕厥的诊断具有一定的挑战性。虽然相当一部分晕厥患者预后较好,但发生晕厥的器质性心脏病患者则有高度的猝死危险性。因此,对晕厥评估的首要目标是评价其猝死的危险性。已排除心源性晕厥的患者,识别晕厥的病因有助于改善患者的生活质量,避免患者和他人受到伤害。本文的主要目的是为临床如何评估晕厥提供诊断思路。

Syncope,a transient loss of consciousness,is a common clinical problem. Evaluation of syncope can be challenging for many reasons. Although the most common ones are generally benign and do not require extensive evaluation cardiac syncope are associated with a high rate of mortality in patients with underlying heart disease. The primary purpose of the evaluation of the patient with syncope is to determine whether the patient is at increased risk for death. If these diagnoses can be excluded,the goal then becomes identification of the cause of syncope in an attempt to improve the quality of the patient＇s life and to prevent injury to the patient or others. The purpose of this paper is to provide specific recommendations on the diagnostic evaluation of syncope.