生物酶解在提取沙姜精油中的应用

Application of the enzymolysis in the extraction of the essential oil from kaempferia galanga L.

水汽蒸馏法是提取沙姜精油常用的方法,而鲜沙姜中淀粉含量为7%～10%,不利于提取。采用两步酶解法分解沙姜中的淀粉:第一步淀粉液化,使水汽蒸馏过程不受淀粉糊化后高黏度的影响得以平稳进行;且提高精油产率20%以上。第二步糖化,使水汽蒸馏后的残留液易于过滤,分离其中的上清液及渣料,避免了直接倾倒废液引起的环境污染。通过动态监测液化及糖化过程,提出液化时间约4min,糖化时间约1h;糖化后还原糖含量占沙姜重量的11.9%～16.8%。

The steam distillation is the main method to extract the essential oil from Kaempferia galanga L., in which there is 7%-10% starch. The two steps of enzymolysis were used to break up the starch： First, the starch was liquefied in 4 min to keep from viscidity induced by the starch paste, making the steam distillation go on steadily, which also raised 20% of the yield of the essential oil; Second, the liquefied pasty mass was saccharified by the other enzyme to make the remnant after the steam distillation filtrate easily, separating the remnant into the clear liquid and the residue. By monitoring the saccharification course dynamically, the saccharification time in reason is lh and the content of reducing sugar contrasted the weight of Kaempferia galanga L. is 11.9%-16.8%.