砂梨品种对黑斑病的抗性鉴定和评价

Identification and Evaluation of Resistance to Black Spot Disease of Sand Pear

对引进的85份砂梨(P.pyrifaliaNakai)种质资源进行抗梨黑斑病田间鉴定,初选出24份综合性状优良的抗性资源,然后进行人工接种鉴定,结果表明:砂梨高抗黑斑病材料,仅占鉴定总数的4.71%,但不同品种对梨黑斑病的抗性差异很大;中国砂梨品种资源对梨黑斑抗性普遍较差,日本砂梨品种资源抗性最强,韩国砂梨品种资源居中;筛选出抗性较高有5份早熟梨、5份中熟梨和4份晚熟梨品种,“圆黄”、“黄金梨”“丰水”、“秋黄”和“秋荣”,不仅抗性强,而且丰产性、农艺性状均优。

The 24 excellent integrated character resistance varieties to black spot disease are firstly selected to form 85 sand pear varieties fetched from outside by identification in field, Then 24 varieties are identified by artificial inoculation. The result shows that sand pear varieties of high resistance to black spot disease is few and are only 4.71% in identification varieties, The resistance of different varieties is notably different, The resistance of inland pear varieties as normally low, Japan pear is the highest, Korea pear is medium, 5 early mature pear, 5 medium mature pear and 4 late mature pear are selected, especially Wonhwang, Whangkeumbae, Hosui, Akibaeand Chuwhangbae are not only high resistance but high yield, which agricultural character is all excellent.