西安城乡老年人心理健康状况研究

Survey on Psychological Health of Aged People from Both Rural and Urban Areas in Xi'an.

目的了解西安地区城乡老年人情绪心理及心理健康状况。方法采用情感量表、心理健康症状自评量表等对城乡452名老年人进行自评问卷调查。结果西安市城、乡及男女老年人在情感变量方面差异十分显著,城市老人正向情感和负向情感得分均高于乡村老人,男性老年人正向情感和负向情感得分均低于女性老人;在快乐感上,城市老人得分均低于乡村老人,女性老年人得分均高于男性老人,均呈现显著性差异(P<0.05);城市老人在躯体化、强迫症状、抑郁、焦虑、精神病性等因子分均高于乡村老人组,差异非常显著,男性老人躯体化、强迫症状、恐怖等因子分均高于女性老人(P<0.05)。结论城市老年人情绪心理状态不稳定,心理健康水平低于乡村老人。

Objective To understand the sentimental psychology and psychological health of the aged people from rural and urban areas in Xi＇an. Methods By taking the measures of affection table, index table and psychological health symptom clinic table, this paper surveys 452 aged people .from rural and urban areas. Results The difference in emotional variables between the aged people from rural and urban areas is obvious, so is the difference between the genders. The urban aged people outscore the rural counterparts in both positive emotion and negative emotion. Male aged people are lower than the female ones in the scoring of the positive and negative emotion. In the sense of happiness, the rural aged people outscore the rural counterparts and the female aged people outscore the male ones, both of which show obvious differences（P〈0. 05）; Urban aged people outscore the rural ones in somatization, Obessives-compulsive, depression, psychoticism, and the difference is large. Male aged people outscore the female ones in somatization, Obessives-compulsive, photic anxiety, etc. （P〈0. 05）. Conclusion The sentimental psychology of urban aged people is more unsteadily and psychological health of urban aged people is lower than rural aged people＇s.