精神分裂症一级亲属认知功能与血小板5-羟色胺浓度的相关研究

Cognitive function and platelet serotonin concentration in the first degree relatives of schizophrenia

目的探讨精神分裂症患者一级亲属认知功能及血小板内5-羟色胺(5-HT)浓度,并探讨两者之间的关联。方法共收集精神分裂症单发家系27个,其中先证者22名(另5名先证者无法配合测验)、一级亲属62名;高发家系15个,其中先证者15名、共病一级亲属10名、无精神病一级亲属29名;对照家系15个,其中对照者15名、一级亲属35名。对所有受试分别采用威斯康星卡片分类测验和持续注意测验评估其执行功能及持续注意,采用HPLC-荧光法检测外周血血小板内5-HT浓度。结果分裂症一级亲属的WCST、持续注意测验成绩明显差于对照组;高发家系亲属组的各项神经心理学测验成绩最差,单发家系组成绩介于高发家系与对照组之间。如持续错误个数:高发家系亲属24.52>单发家系亲属21.03>对照亲属18.49。单发家系一级亲属血小板内5-HT浓度为(2.82±1.23)mmol/L、高发家系为(3.05±1.38)mmol/L,均显著低于对照组的(3.60±1.48)mmol/L(P<0.05),但未发现此种浓度差异与认知功能损害存在关联。结论精神分裂症一级亲属存在一定程度的认知功能损害,且随遗传负荷的增加而加重,其血小板内5-HT浓度呈一种倾向性改变,但两者间无显著相关性。

Objective To assess and explore cognitive impairment and platelet serotonin concentration in the first degree relatives of schizophrenic patients, and to analyse the relationship between cognitive dysfunction and platelet serotonin concentration. Methods In this study, 22 probands （5 ones unwillingly accomplish tests） and 62 first-degree relatives of 27 simplex families; 15 probands, 10 comorbid relatives and 29 first-relatives of 15 complex families;15 normal controls and 35 first-relatives of 15 normal control families were enrolled. All subjects were assessed by Wisconsin Card Sorting Test （WCST） and Continuous Performance Task （CPT） in order to evaluate then neuropsychologic function （executive function and persistent attention）. Platelet serotonin concentration was measured by HPLC-fluorometric method. Results The first-degree relatives of schizophrenic patients show conspicuous poorer cognitive function in WCST and Continuous Performance Task（CPT） than those of the control group. The relatives of the complex families show severer neuropsychologic defects than those of the simplex families. The scores of neuropsychological tests of the simplex families are situated between that of the complex families and control group. For example, lasting errors of the complex families, simplex ones and controls are 24.52 〉 21.03 〉 18.49. The serotonin concentrations in platelet of complex families and of simplex ones are （3.05 ± 1.38） mmol/L and （2.82 ± 1.23） mmol/L, both of them are significantly lower than that of controls（ 3.60 ± 1. 48） mmol/L. However, no significant association is found between the disperation of serotonin concentrations and the degree of cognitive impairment. Conclusion The first-degree relatives of schizophrenia have different level deficits in cognition. The cognitive impairment is aggravated accompanied with genetic load increased. The serotonin concentration in platelet in the first degree relatives present a changed tendency, but conspicuous correlation does not be founded between deficits in cognition and olatelet serotonin concentration.