高功率微波辐射对大鼠血脑屏障的影响

Effect of high-power microwave exposure on rat blood-brain barrier

目的：研究高功率微波辐射对大鼠血脑屏障结构和功能的影响。方法：以10、30和100mW／cm^2高功率微波源辐射66只二级雄性Wistar大鼠。于辐射后6h、1d、3d和7d灌注2％亚铁氰化钾和4．2％硫酸铁后取材，通过HE染色、组织化学、免疫组化和图像分析等技术，研究毛细血管形态、血脑屏障通透性及GFAP改变。结果：10mW／cm^2组大鼠血脑屏障无明显改变。30和100mW／cm^2组辐射后1～3d血管间隙增宽，组织水肿，指示剂通透性增加。上述改变于辐射后3d达高峰，7d基本恢复。皮质血管较海马血管改变明显，100mW／cm^2组重于30mW／cm^2组。30和100mW／cm^2组大鼠皮质和海马组织中GFAP表达增强，3d达高峰，7d仍高于假辐射组。结论：一定剂量高功率微波辐射可损伤大鼠血脑屏障结构和功能。

Objective： To study effect of the high-power microwave （HPM） exposure on rat BBB. Methods：Sixty six Wistar rats were exposed to high-power microwave at 10,30 and 100 mW/cm^2 and sacrificed with 2% K4Fe（CN）6 and 4. 2% Fe2 （ SO4 ） 3 at 6 h and on dl, d3 and d7 after the exposure. The capillary structure, the BBB permeability to indicator and the changes in GFAP expression were examined by means of HE, immunohistochemistry and image analysis. Results： No changes were found in the rat brains at 10 mW/cm^2. It was found that the permeability was increased with edema and wide capillary gap at 30 and 100 mW/cm^2. These changes peaked on d3 and recovered on d7. The changes after 100 mW/cm^2 exposure were more severe than those after 30 mW/cm^2. The GFAP expression was increased in the cortex and hippocampus after 30 and 100 mW/cm^2 exposure, peaked on d3 and was still higher than that of the sham exposure group on d7. Conclusion： High-power microwave at 30 and 100 mW/cm^2 can damage the BBB structure and function.