幽门螺杆菌治疗性疫苗研究进展

Therapeutic vaccine against Helicobacter pylori: research progress

幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori)被世界卫生组织定为一类致癌因子,由于化学疗法和预防性疫苗的局限性使得幽门螺杆菌的治疗性疫苗研究日益受到重视。目前幽门螺杆菌治疗性疫苗在小鼠动物模型实验中取得了一定疗效,但对灵长类和人类的治疗效果却令人失望。在治疗性疫苗研究中,保护性免疫机制的阐明、保护性抗原筛选和免疫佐剂研究备受关注。由于幽门螺杆菌在长期的进化过程中形成一套独特的机制来抵抗甚至抑制免疫系统,能否高效安全地从寄主体内清除幽门螺杆菌成为该研究的难点和重点,治疗性疫苗和抗生素的联合应用或许是解决这一问题的一个途径。

Helicobacter pylori is the class Ⅰ carcinogen of humans, so people pay much attention to the research on therapeutic vaccine against it due to the limitation of antibiotics and prophylactic vaccine. The therapeutic effect on infected mouse so far is somewhat satisfactory, but the effect on human being is not so good as wished. Illustrating protective immunity mechanism, screening the protective antigen and research on adjuvant are three important issues in the research into therapeutic vaccine. Due to the special mechanisms of H. pylori to resist or even to repress immunity system, the research focus is on whether or not H. pylori can be eliminated effectively and safely. Combination of therapeutic vaccine with antibiotics may be a useful method to resolve the problem.