项目县6～14岁艾滋病致孤儿童社会心理问题浅析

Social-psycho problem Assessment of Children Aged 6 to 14 Orphaned by AIDS in 5 Counties of China

目的了解项目县6～14岁艾滋病致孤儿童社会心理问题，探讨适宜的支持对策。方法对5个项目县251名6～14岁艾滋病致孤儿童进行问卷调查和个人访谈。结果部分儿童丧失生活希望，感觉生活很不好，原因有父母久病、失去父母、经济困难、比别人差、被歧视、家务多等。仅10．8％儿童因得到亲人和社会支持而感觉生活很好。父母病重和死亡使儿童处于长期的负面情绪，如担心、恐惧、痛苦、悲伤、绝望和害怕；因父母去世而痛苦巨大。父／母去世后恢复时间很长。一些儿童出现情绪一行为问题，如入睡困难、做恶梦、老想哭、爱发呆、想发火、不想与人交往、不能集中注意力等。1／3儿童父母患病、去世后社会交往减少，原因是担心别人不愿和自己交往、怕人欺负等。结论父母生病去世给儿童带来了诸多社会心理问题，急需建立和完善相应的社会支持系统，给予儿童持续的社会心理支持。

Objective Exploring the appropriate supporting strategy by assessment the social- psycho needs of 6-14 years old children orphaned by AIDS in project counties. Methods Questionnaire survey and personal interview to 251 6-14 years old children orphaned by AIDS in 5 selected project counties. Results Some children lost hope in life, felt badly about their situation because of their parents＇ sickness, loss of parents, financial difficulties, discrimination, and large amount of housework. Only 10.8% of children felt that they were living well with the relatives＇ or social support. Parents＇ sickness and deaths had put children under a constant negative mood, including worry, pain, sadness, despair and fear. It normally took a long time for children to recover from the great pain at the death of their parents. Some children started to have mood - behavioral problems, including difficulty to fall asleep, nightmares, weeping, detachment, aggression or unwillingness to connect with others and difficulty to concentrate, etc. A third of children had their social contacts reduced since the sickness and death of their parents, because they were worried that others did not want to connect with them or afraid of bullying. Conclusion there is an urgent need to establish and improve on an appropriate social support system to provide them the needed and sustainable psycho - social support.